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Blood collection equipment, additives, and order of draw, matching 7-1: key terms and descriptions.

Key Terms and Descriptions

Key Terms and Descriptions 20. Q 21. H 22. R 23. N 24. C 25. E 26. G 27. P 28. J 29. M 30. B 31. I 32. A 33. F 34. L 35. O 36. K 37. D

MATCHING 7-2: MATCH THE ADDITIVE WITH ITS PRIMARY FUNCTION 1. A 2. A 3. A 4. A 5. A

• Yellow top (microbiology): I

LABELING EXERCISE 7-2: TUBE STOPPER COLORS AND ORDER OF DRAW

Tube stopper color 1. Gray top 2. Green top, light-green top gel/PST, or green/gray gel/PST 3. Red, red/gray gel/SST, orange/RST, or gold-top gel/SST 4. Light-blue top 5. Lavender or purple top

Tube stopper colors in the order of draw from left to right 1. Light blue 2. Red, red/gray, orange, or gold 3. Green, light-green, or green/gray 4. Lavender or purple 5. Gray

KNOWLEDGE DRILLS

KNOWLEDGE DRILL 7-1: CAUTION AND KEY POINT RECOGNITION 1. (A) OSHA, (B) needle, (C) safety, (D) safety 2. (A) expiration, (B) date, (C) expired, (D) dropped 3. (A) additive, (B) ratio, (C) inaccurate 4. (A) antiseptic, (B) microorganisms, (C) sterilize 5. (A) Decontamination, (B) glove 6. (A) plasma, (B) serum, (C) potassium, (D) potassium, (E) cells 7. (A) microclots, (B) hematology, (C) recollected 8. (A) shake, (B) vigorously, (C) mix, (D) hemolysis 9. (A) additive, (B) additive, (C) additives 10. (A) OSHA, (B) needle, (C) attached, (D) unit, (E) needle

• (A) first, (B) collection set, (C) air, (D) additive
• (A) 9:1, (B) anticoagulant, (C) sodium, (D)citrate, (E) critical

KNOWLEDGE DRILL 7-2: SCRAMBLED WORDS 1. Vacuum 2. Bleach 3. Gauge 4. Lumen 5. Heparin 6. Thixotropic 7. Tourniquet 8. Citrate 9. Butterfly 10. Lavender 11. Carryover 12. Sanitizer

KNOWLEDGE DRILL 7-3: TRUE/FALSE ACTIVITY The following are the words that should be circled followed by the correct words that should be written in the space provided. 1. Band-aids/cotton balls 2. Arterial/venous and venous/arterial 3. CLIA/OSHA 4. shaft/barrel 5. horizontal/vertical 6. two to four/three to ten 7. white cells/platelets and lengthen/shorten 8. first/separately 9. antimicrobial/antiglycolytic 10. sodium fluoride/EDTA

SKILLS DRILL 7-1: REQUISITION ACTIVITY

Order of Draw, Tube Stopper Color

• PT (protime), light-blue sodium citrate
• Type and screen, red nonadditive
• Lytes (stat electrolytes), green or PST lithium heparin
• H&H, lavender EDTA

SKILLS DRILL 7-2: WORD BUILDING

• Hypodermic Elements hypo / derm / NA / ic _ P WR CV S Definitions below / skin / NA / pertaining to _ Meaning: Pertaining to below the skin, subcutaneous
• Dermatitis Elements NA / dermat / NA / itis _ P WR CV S Definitions NA / skin / NA / inflammation _ Meaning: Inflammation of the skin
• Antiseptic Elements anti / sept / NA / ic _ P WR CV S Definitions against / sepsis / NA / pertaining to _ Meaning: Pertaining to antisepsis, prevention of infection by inhibiting the growth of infectious agents
• Microorganism Elements micro / organ / NA / ism _ P WR CV S Definitions small / organ / NA / state of _ Meaning: A microscopic organism (plant or animal)
• Vascular Elements NA / vascul / NA / ar _ P WR CV S Definitions NA / vessels / NA / pertaining to _ Meaning: Pertaining to containing blood vessels.
• Intradermal Elements intra / derm / NA / al _ P WR CV S Definitions within / skin / NA / pertaining to _ Meaning: Pertaining to within the skin, in the dermis or corium

1 H 2 P O T A

8 B U T T E R F L Y C

10 D I S I N F E C T A N T C

11 E O E G L I A Q B

12 C L O T S

16 A N T I S E P T I C S I C P M C E P

17 S T O P P E R D M

18 L U M E N 19 S Y R I N G E C E N 20 L T L

22 A D D I T I V E

25 T A T F O

29 B E V E L

30 G D E L T D 31 D E R M A T I T I S

32 V I N Y L E E A N D R

CASE STUDY 7-1: BUTTERFLY USE AND ORDER OF DRAW

• The protime was most likely rejected because the tube was underfilled.
• Maria drew the tube using a butterfly without drawing a clear or discard tube first. Air in the tubing displaces blood volume, preventing the tube from filling to the proper level. (A discard tube should always be collected first when a coagulation tube is the first or only tube collected using a butterfly.)
• There is a critical 9:1 ratio of blood to anticoagulant needed for coagulation tests. Most laboratories will reject coagulation tubes that are not filled within 90% of capacity.
• To prevent this from happening again when a butterfly is used, Maria should draw a few milliliters of blood into a discard or “clear” tube before drawing into a coagulation tube. This will remove the air from the tubing and allow the coagulation tube to fill properly.

CASE STUDY 7-2: SYRINGE USE AND ORDER OF DRAW

• No. The tubes were filled in the correct CLSI order of draw.
• It is possible that Jeff grabbed a sodium heparin tube instead of a lithium heparin tube.
• The green top was underfilled and would have had an incorrect blood-to-additive ratio.

CASE STUDY 7-3: A DIFFICULT DRAW 1. The lavender top was for the CBC and the SST was for the electrolytes. 2. The lavender top contains the anticoagulant EDTA. The SST contains thixotropic gel and clot activator. 3. Vicki did not mix the SST right away and it was clotted by the time she tried to mix it. Since it wasn’t mixed, the clot activator could end up in the serum and interfere in the testing process. She shook the CBC instead of gently inverting it the required number of times. Shaking could hemolyze the specimen. 4. As long as there is enough specimen to perform the test, an underfilled serum tube can be used. The processor does not know that it was not mixed properly. The CBC did not have enough blood in it. Excess EDTA which results if the tube is underfilled can cause RBCs to shrink and negatively affect test results.

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Course : Human Anatomy & Physiology I (BIO106)

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